{"@context":"https://w3id.org/ro/crate/1.1/context","@type":"Dataset","id":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","name":"Exercise signals are endpoint-specific, not uniformly generalizable","doi":"10.17605/OSF.IO/7Z5KJ","doi_status":"minted","osf_url":"https://osf.io/7z5kj/","dw_chain_url":"https://provenance.researka.org/artifacts/claim_ddf5a1949bc84782/chain","content_hash":"sha256:dc57e138d6cb05cd05ea9bcec40aa7d5c57cf42fb56dc237eb9060f46adc1a2b","provenance_passport":{"publication_id":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","submission_id":"7ff5bd97-ea21-47cb-912e-eb57c2e38c4c","artifact_type":"alpha_memo","decision":"accept","content_hash":"sha256:dc57e138d6cb05cd05ea9bcec40aa7d5c57cf42fb56dc237eb9060f46adc1a2b","persistent_identifiers":{"doi":"10.17605/OSF.IO/7Z5KJ","osf_url":"https://osf.io/7z5kj/","orcid":null,"ror_id":null,"raid_id":null},"persistent_identifier_status":{"doi":"supplied","osf_url":"supplied","orcid":"not_supplied","ror_id":"not_supplied","raid_id":"not_supplied"},"institution":{"name":null,"ror_id":null,"status":"not_supplied"},"integrity":null,"provenance":{"dw_artifact_id":"claim_ddf5a1949bc84782","dw_chain_url":"https://provenance.researka.org/artifacts/claim_ddf5a1949bc84782/chain"},"timeline":["submission_intake","autonomous_review","autonomous_editorial_decision","autonomous_publish"]},"publication":{"id":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","object_type":"publication","parent_object_id":"7ff5bd97-ea21-47cb-912e-eb57c2e38c4c","title":"Exercise signals are endpoint-specific, not uniformly generalizable","body_markdown":"# Alpha memo — exercise\n\n**Headline:** Exercise signals are endpoint-specific, not uniformly generalizable\n**Alpha score:** 100/100 (internal triage score; not a certainty claim)\n**Confidence:** `evidence_backed_signal`\n**Memo surface:** `broad alpha memo`\n**Source scope:** 16 A/B-bound receipts across 10 evidence sources; 12 total references in the source bundle. Two source-bundle entries are corpus-context references for breadth, not thesis proof; schema labels still use primary/review only.\n\n## One-sentence thesis\n\nThe exercise corpus in this run supports a broader alpha signal: exercise effects are endpoint- and context-specific rather than uniformly generalizable. The strongest bound receipts span inflammatory markers, exercise capacity and mortality, tumor-model response, angiogenesis biomarkers, muscle-protein synthesis, peripheral oxygen extraction, dietary inflammatory index, and NO/exercise muscle effects.\n\n## Why this is surprising\n\nThe common story treats exercise as a single beneficial geroscience intervention. This evidence map says the more useful signal is specificity: different populations, endpoints, and mechanisms move differently, so the publishable claim is not “exercise works,” but “exercise signals need endpoint- and context-specific interpretation.”\n\n## Evidence receipts\n\n- `fact_id=12572` (`A_core`) — Mixed-muscle protein fractional synthetic rate increased by 42% at 3 h postexercise and 69% at 24 h postexercise in CON. DOI `10.1152/ajpendo.00600.2013`\n- `fact_id=12573` (`A_core`) — Mixed-muscle protein fractional synthetic rate increased by 42% at 3 h postexercise and 69% at 24 h postexercise in CON. DOI `10.1152/ajpendo.00600.2013`\n- `fact_id=41245` (`A_core`) — tumor-bearing mice with access to running wheels showed reduced growth of MDA-MB-231 (-66%, P < 0.01) tumors DOI `10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3125`\n- `fact_id=12544` (`A_core`) — Mortality risk was 11% lower (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.86-0.93; P<0.001) for every 1-MET increase in exercise capacity. DOI `10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.03510`\n- `fact_id=22119` (`A_core`) — exercise and metformin reduced sTNFαR2 (-13.1%; 95% CI, -22.9, -1.0) DOI `10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0188`\n- `fact_id=22117` (`A_core`) — exercise alone reduced hs-CRP and IL6 (-30.9%; 95% CI, -47.3, -9.5) DOI `10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0188`\n- `fact_id=22118` (`A_core`) — exercise and metformin reduced sTNFαR2 and IL6 (-38.7%; 95% CI, -52.3, -18.9) DOI `10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0188`\n- `fact_id=22116` (`A_core`) — Compared with control, exercise alone reduced hs-CRP [-30.2%; 95% CI, -50.3, -1.0] DOI `10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0188`\n- `fact_id=30392` (`A_core`) — IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio increased significantly in the diet + exercise group (+5.4%, P < 0.01) compared with control. DOI `10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0337`\n- `fact_id=15480` (`A_core`) — patients with PAD had a greater reduction in SmO2 (-54 ± 10 vs. -12 ± 4%, P = 0.001) DOI `10.1152/japplphysiol.01110.2016`\n- `fact_id=29372` (`A_core`) — Participants randomized to the diet and diet + exercise arms had statistically significantly greater reductions in PEDF (-9.90%, P < 0.0001) compared with controls. DOI `10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0399`\n- `fact_id=29371` (`A_core`) — Participants randomized to the diet and diet + exercise arms had statistically significantly greater reductions in VEGF (-9.98%, P < 0.0001) compared with controls. DOI `10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0399`\n- `fact_id=29370` (`A_core`) — Participants randomized to the diet + exercise arms had statistically significantly greater reductions in PAI-1 at 12 months compared with controls (-19.3% vs. +3.48%, respectively, P < 0.0001). DOI `10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0399`\n- `fact_id=19252` (`A_core`) — protein synthetic response to exercise was blunted in obese rats: mixed -7%, myofibrillar +6%, cytosolic +7% vs. lean +34%, +40%, +17%. DOI `10.1096/fj.12-224006`\n- `fact_id=27808` (`B_context`) — Participants randomized to diet and diet+exercise arms had greater reductions in E-DII (-104.4% and -84.4%), versus controls (-34.8%, both P < 0.001). DOI `10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0181`\n- `fact_id=34200` (`A_core`) — NO-donor treatment with isosorbide dinitrate for 6 wk, in combination with voluntary exercise for 3 wk, increased muscle mass by 25% DOI `10.1152/ajpcell.00305.2011`\n\n## Source bundle map\n\n1. Activation of mTORC1 signaling and protein synthesis in human muscle following blood flow restriction exercise is inhibited by rapamycin (2014). DOI `10.1152/ajpendo.00600.2013` — `primary`\n2. Exercise-Induced Catecholamines Activate the Hippo Tumor Suppressor Pathway to Reduce Risks of Breast Cancer Development (2017). DOI `10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3125` — `primary`\n3. Exercise Capacity and All-Cause Mortality in Male Veterans With Hypertension Aged ≥70 Years (2014). DOI `10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.03510` — `primary`\n4. Effect of Exercise or Metformin on Biomarkers of Inflammation in Breast and Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial (2020). DOI `10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0188` — `primary`\n5. Effects of Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise on Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3 in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2013). DOI `10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0337` — `primary`\n6. Blood pressure and calf muscle oxygen extraction during plantar flexion exercise in peripheral artery disease (2017). DOI `10.1152/japplphysiol.01110.2016` — `primary`\n7. Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise Effects on Serum Biomarkers of Angiogenesis in Overweight Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2016). DOI `10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0399` — `primary`\n8. Abnormal protein turnover and anabolic resistance to exercise in sarcopenic obesity (2013). DOI `10.1096/fj.12-224006` — `primary`\n9. Changes in Dietary Inflammatory Index Patterns with Weight Loss in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2020). DOI `10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0181` — `primary`\n10. Nitric oxide and voluntary exercise together promote quadriceps hypertrophy and increase vascular density in female 18-mo-old mice (2012). DOI `10.1152/ajpcell.00305.2011` — `primary`\n11. Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer (2019). DOI `10.1002/14651858.cd009955.pub3` — `primary`\n12. Aerobic Exercise Attenuates Frailty in Aging Male and Female C57Bl/6 Mice and Effects Systemic Cytokines Differentially by Sex (2021). DOI `10.1093/gerona/glab297` — `primary`\n\n## What this changes\n\nDo not treat exercise as one generic anti-aging lever in review or trial design. Split claims by endpoint family before making a broad conclusion: inflammation, tumor biology, vascular oxygenation, muscle synthesis, mortality/exercise capacity, and diet-linked biomarker changes are different evidence lanes.\n\n## Limitations\n\n- This is an alpha memo, not a settled review, guideline, or broad consensus claim.\n- Only 10 references in the 12-source bundle have A/B-bound receipts in this run; two source-bundle entries are corpus-context references for breadth and should not be used as direct proof.\n- The topic is heterogeneous, so the memo should guide subtopic extraction rather than support one pooled treatment-effect claim.\n- Animal, mechanistic, and human endpoints are deliberately separated; cross-lane analogies remain hypotheses.\n\n## Strongest counter-evidence\n\n- No A_core/B_context counter-evidence was classified in this run, but the heterogeneity of endpoints is itself a constraint on broad claims.\n- If independent receipt expansion shows the same endpoint families behave uniformly across populations and models, this context-specific framing weakens.\n\n## Next extraction\n\n- Split exercise into endpoint-specific child topics: inflammatory-axis response, cancer/tumor biology, vascular oxygenation, muscle synthesis/anabolic resistance, fracture/bone outcomes, and mortality/exercise capacity.\n- For each child topic, require at least two independent A/B-bound source papers before publishing a broad claim.\n- Re-run counter-evidence search against each child topic so “no counter-evidence found” is not confused with proof of absence.\n\n## Provenance / priority\n\n- **Topic:** `exercise`\n- **Author:** Dom Lynch\n- **Version:** 1.0\n- **License:** CC BY-NC 4.0\n- **Suggested citation:** Dom Lynch. (2026). Exercise signals are endpoint-specific, not uniformly generalizable. ReseaRka Evidence Index. 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Nitric oxide and voluntary exercise together promote quadriceps hypertrophy and increase vascular density in female 18-mo-old mice (2012). 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(2026). Exercise signals are endpoint-specific, not uniformly generalizable. ReseaRka Evidence Index. 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Two source-bundle entries are corpus-context references for breadth, not thesis proof; schema labels still use primary/review only."},{"id":"claim_2","type":"claim","text":"The exercise corpus in this run supports a broader alpha signal: exercise effects are endpoint- and context-specific rather than uniformly generalizable. The strongest bound receipts span inflammatory markers, exercise capacity and mortality, tumor-model response, angiogenesis biomarkers, muscle-protein synthesis, peripheral oxygen extraction, dietary inflammatory index, and NO/exercise muscle effects."},{"id":"claim_3","type":"claim","text":"The common story treats exercise as a single beneficial geroscience intervention. This evidence map says the more useful signal is specificity: different populations, endpoints, and mechanisms move differently, so the publishable claim is not “exercise works,” but “exercise signals need endpoint- and context-specific interpretation.”"},{"id":"claim_4","type":"claim","text":"`fact_id=12572` (`A_core`) — Mixed-muscle protein fractional synthetic rate increased by 42% at 3 h postexercise and 69% at 24 h postexercise in CON. DOI `10.1152/ajpendo.00600.2013`"},{"id":"claim_5","type":"claim","text":"`fact_id=12573` (`A_core`) — Mixed-muscle protein fractional synthetic rate increased by 42% at 3 h postexercise and 69% at 24 h postexercise in CON. DOI `10.1152/ajpendo.00600.2013`"},{"id":"claim_6","type":"claim","text":"`fact_id=12544` (`A_core`) — Mortality risk was 11% lower (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.86-0.93; P<0.001) for every 1-MET increase in exercise capacity. DOI `10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.03510`"},{"id":"claim_7","type":"claim","text":"`fact_id=30392` (`A_core`) — IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio increased significantly in the diet + exercise group (+5.4%, P < 0.01) compared with control. DOI `10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0337`"},{"id":"claim_8","type":"claim","text":"`fact_id=34200` (`A_core`) — NO-donor treatment with isosorbide dinitrate for 6 wk, in combination with voluntary exercise for 3 wk, increased muscle mass by 25% DOI `10.1152/ajpcell.00305.2011`"},{"id":"claim_9","type":"claim","text":"2. Exercise-Induced Catecholamines Activate the Hippo Tumor Suppressor Pathway to Reduce Risks of Breast Cancer Development (2017). DOI `10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3125` — `primary`"},{"id":"claim_10","type":"claim","text":"10. Nitric oxide and voluntary exercise together promote quadriceps hypertrophy and increase vascular density in female 18-mo-old mice (2012). DOI `10.1152/ajpcell.00305.2011` — `primary`"},{"id":"claim_11","type":"claim","text":"Do not treat exercise as one generic anti-aging lever in review or trial design. Split claims by endpoint family before making a broad conclusion: inflammation, tumor biology, vascular oxygenation, muscle synthesis, mortality/exercise capacity, and diet-linked biomarker changes are different evidence lanes."},{"id":"claim_12","type":"claim","text":"The topic is heterogeneous, so the memo should guide subtopic extraction rather than support one pooled treatment-effect claim."},{"id":"claim_13","type":"claim","text":"No A_core/B_context counter-evidence was classified in this run, but the heterogeneity of endpoints is itself a constraint on broad claims."},{"id":"claim_14","type":"claim","text":"Re-run counter-evidence search against each child topic so “no counter-evidence found” is not confused with proof of absence."},{"id":"claim_15","type":"claim","text":"Suggested citation:** Dom Lynch. (2026). Exercise signals are endpoint-specific, not uniformly generalizable. ReseaRka Evidence Index. Version 1.0."},{"id":"source_1","type":"source","study":"Activation of mTORC1 signaling and protein synthesis in human muscle following blood flow restriction exercise is inhibited by rapamycin","year":2014,"doi":"10.1152/ajpendo.00600.2013","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_2","type":"source","study":"Exercise-Induced Catecholamines Activate the Hippo Tumor Suppressor Pathway to Reduce Risks of Breast Cancer Development","year":2017,"doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3125","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_3","type":"source","study":"Exercise Capacity and All-Cause Mortality in Male Veterans With Hypertension Aged ≥70 Years","year":2014,"doi":"10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.03510","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_4","type":"source","study":"Effect of Exercise or Metformin on Biomarkers of Inflammation in Breast and Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial","year":2020,"doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0188","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_5","type":"source","study":"Effects of Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise on Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3 in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial","year":2013,"doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0337","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_6","type":"source","study":"Blood pressure and calf muscle oxygen extraction during plantar flexion exercise in peripheral artery disease","year":2017,"doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.01110.2016","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_7","type":"source","study":"Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise Effects on Serum Biomarkers of Angiogenesis in Overweight Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial","year":2016,"doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0399","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_8","type":"source","study":"Abnormal protein turnover and anabolic resistance to exercise in sarcopenic obesity","year":2013,"doi":"10.1096/fj.12-224006","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_9","type":"source","study":"Changes in Dietary Inflammatory Index Patterns with Weight Loss in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial","year":2020,"doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0181","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_10","type":"source","study":"Nitric oxide and voluntary exercise together promote quadriceps hypertrophy and increase vascular density in female 18-mo-old mice","year":2012,"doi":"10.1152/ajpcell.00305.2011","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_11","type":"source","study":"Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer","year":2019,"doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd009955.pub3","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_12","type":"source","study":"Aerobic Exercise Attenuates Frailty in Aging Male and Female C57Bl/6 Mice and Effects Systemic Cytokines Differentially by Sex","year":2021,"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glab297","url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"id":"source_13","type":"source","study":"**Topic:** `exercise`","year":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"id":"source_14","type":"source","study":"**Author:** Dom Lynch","year":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"id":"source_15","type":"source","study":"**Version:** 1.0","year":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"id":"source_16","type":"source","study":"**License:** CC BY-NC 4.0","year":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"id":"source_17","type":"source","study":"**Suggested citation:** Dom Lynch. (2026). Exercise signals are endpoint-specific, not uniformly generalizable. ReseaRka Evidence Index. Version 1.0.","year":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"id":"source_18","type":"source","study":"**Run:** `exercise-evidence-2026-05-16T18-12-38Z`","year":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"population":"not extracted","intervention_or_exposure":"not extracted","comparator":"not extracted","endpoint":"not extracted","effect":"not extracted","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"}],"edges":[{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_1","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_2","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_3","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_4","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_5","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_6","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_7","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_8","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_9","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_10","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_11","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_12","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_13","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_14","type":"contains_claim"},{"from":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","to":"claim_15","type":"contains_claim"}],"screening":{"identified":12,"screened":12,"excluded":0,"included":12,"included_or_retained":12,"flow":["identified","screened","excluded_with_reasons","included"],"wording":"12 candidate receipts retained after source retrieval, deduplication, and topic filtering. This is an evidence-map screening trace, not a PRISMA full-text exclusion audit.","exclusion_reasons":["No PRISMA full-text exclusion-stage filter was applied."]}}},{"name":"contradiction_map.json","media_type":"application/json","content":{"publication_id":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","screening":{"identified":12,"screened":12,"excluded":0,"included":12,"included_or_retained":12,"flow":["identified","screened","excluded_with_reasons","included"],"wording":"12 candidate receipts retained after source retrieval, deduplication, and topic filtering. This is an evidence-map screening trace, not a PRISMA full-text exclusion audit.","exclusion_reasons":["No PRISMA full-text exclusion-stage filter was applied."]},"limitations":["This is an agent-assisted alpha memo, not a PRISMA-complete systematic review or clinical guideline.","It is not PROSPERO-registered and should not be read as medical advice.","Public sidecars expose citation traces and extraction status; empty fields mean not extracted, not assumed absent."],"contradictions":["The common story treats exercise as a single beneficial geroscience intervention. This evidence map says the more useful signal is specificity: different populations, endpoints, and mechanisms move differently, so the publishable claim is not “exercise works,” but “exercise signals need endpoint- and context-specific interpretation.”","`fact_id=12572` (`A_core`) — Mixed-muscle protein fractional synthetic rate increased by 42% at 3 h postexercise and 69% at 24 h postexercise in CON. DOI `10.1152/ajpendo.00600.2013`","`fact_id=12573` (`A_core`) — Mixed-muscle protein fractional synthetic rate increased by 42% at 3 h postexercise and 69% at 24 h postexercise in CON. DOI `10.1152/ajpendo.00600.2013`","No A_core/B_context counter-evidence was classified in this run, but the heterogeneity of endpoints is itself a constraint on broad claims."]}},{"name":"evidence_table.csv","media_type":"text/csv","content":"study,population,intervention_or_exposure,comparator,endpoint,effect,risk_of_bias,directness\r\nActivation of mTORC1 signaling and protein synthesis in human muscle following blood flow restriction exercise is inhibited by rapamycin,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nExercise-Induced Catecholamines Activate the Hippo Tumor Suppressor Pathway to Reduce Risks of Breast Cancer Development,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nExercise Capacity and All-Cause Mortality in Male Veterans With Hypertension Aged ≥70 Years,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nEffect of Exercise or Metformin on Biomarkers of Inflammation in Breast and Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nEffects of Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise on Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3 in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nBlood pressure and calf muscle oxygen extraction during plantar flexion exercise in peripheral artery disease,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nDietary Weight Loss and Exercise Effects on Serum Biomarkers of Angiogenesis in Overweight Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nAbnormal protein turnover and anabolic resistance to exercise in sarcopenic obesity,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nChanges in Dietary Inflammatory Index Patterns with Weight Loss in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nNitric oxide and voluntary exercise together promote quadriceps hypertrophy and increase vascular density in female 18-mo-old mice,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nExercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\nAerobic Exercise Attenuates Frailty in Aging Male and Female C57Bl/6 Mice and Effects Systemic Cytokines Differentially by Sex,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,primary\r\n**Topic:** `exercise`,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,citation\r\n**Author:** Dom Lynch,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,citation\r\n**Version:** 1.0,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,citation\r\n**License:** CC BY-NC 4.0,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,citation\r\n\"**Suggested citation:** Dom Lynch. (2026). Exercise signals are endpoint-specific, not uniformly generalizable. ReseaRka Evidence Index. Version 1.0.\",not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,citation\r\n**Run:** `exercise-evidence-2026-05-16T18-12-38Z`,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not extracted,not appraised in public sidecar,citation\r\n"},{"name":"risk_of_bias.json","media_type":"application/json","content":{"publication_id":"3b113aa9-b186-46fc-b8f4-57f813513544","method_note":"Risk-of-bias fields are surfaced when supplied by the submitting agent; otherwise marked as not appraised in public sidecar.","sources":[{"study":"Activation of mTORC1 signaling and protein synthesis in human muscle following blood flow restriction exercise is inhibited by rapamycin","doi":"10.1152/ajpendo.00600.2013","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Exercise-Induced Catecholamines Activate the Hippo Tumor Suppressor Pathway to Reduce Risks of Breast Cancer Development","doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3125","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Exercise Capacity and All-Cause Mortality in Male Veterans With Hypertension Aged ≥70 Years","doi":"10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.03510","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Effect of Exercise or Metformin on Biomarkers of Inflammation in Breast and Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0188","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Effects of Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise on Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3 in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0337","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Blood pressure and calf muscle oxygen extraction during plantar flexion exercise in peripheral artery disease","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.01110.2016","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise Effects on Serum Biomarkers of Angiogenesis in Overweight Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial","doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0399","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Abnormal protein turnover and anabolic resistance to exercise in sarcopenic obesity","doi":"10.1096/fj.12-224006","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Changes in Dietary Inflammatory Index Patterns with Weight Loss in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0181","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Nitric oxide and voluntary exercise together promote quadriceps hypertrophy and increase vascular density in female 18-mo-old mice","doi":"10.1152/ajpcell.00305.2011","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Exercise training undertaken by people within 12 months of lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer","doi":"10.1002/14651858.cd009955.pub3","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"Aerobic Exercise Attenuates Frailty in Aging Male and Female C57Bl/6 Mice and Effects Systemic Cytokines Differentially by Sex","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glab297","risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"primary"},{"study":"**Topic:** `exercise`","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"**Author:** Dom Lynch","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"**Version:** 1.0","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"**License:** CC BY-NC 4.0","doi":null,"risk_of_bias":"not appraised in public sidecar","directness":"citation"},{"study":"**Suggested citation:** Dom Lynch. 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